Periodontics is a branch of dentistry that focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases affecting the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gums, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Periodontists are specialized dentists who are trained to manage conditions such as gingivitis and periodontitis, which can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. They employ various treatments, including scaling and root planing, gum grafting, and dental implant placement, to restore and maintain optimal periodontal health.