Tooth extraction, also known as dental extraction or exodontia, is a dental procedure performed to remove one or more teeth from the mouth. It may be necessary for various reasons, including severe decay, advanced periodontal disease, impacted wisdom teeth, overcrowding, orthodontic treatment, or trauma.
Tooth extraction is typically performed by a dentist or oral surgeon under local anesthesia, which numbs the affected tooth and surrounding tissues, ensuring a painless procedure. In some cases, sedation or general anesthesia may be used for anxious patients or complex extractions.
The tooth extraction process begins with a thorough examination and diagnostic imaging (X-rays) to assess the tooth’s position, condition, and surrounding structures. The dentist or oral surgeon then administers anesthesia and uses specialized instruments to loosen and remove the tooth from its socket in the jawbone. Following extraction, the socket may be sutured closed, and gauze is placed to control bleeding and promote clot formation.
Aftercare instructions are provided to patients to promote healing and prevent complications following tooth extraction. These may include avoiding vigorous rinsing, spitting, or drinking through a straw, taking prescribed pain medications or antibiotics as directed, applying ice packs to reduce swelling, and maintaining proper oral hygiene practices.
While tooth extraction is typically a safe and routine procedure, complications such as infection, bleeding, dry socket (loss of blood clot), or nerve injury may occur in some cases. Patients should follow their dentist’s instructions closely and report any unusual symptoms or concerns promptly to ensure proper healing and recovery.